Flip Flop in Digital Electronics

FLIP FLOPS:-

• Flip Flop is a binary cell capable of storing one bit of data.
• Flip Flop is a sequential circuit (mean output=present input+ past output).
• Flip Flop contain memory element to store past output.
• Flip Flops has two outputs:-
• Normal Output
• Complement output

There are mainly four types of flip flops that are used in electronics circuits

• The basic flip flop or S-R Flip Flop
• J-K Flip Flop
• Delay Flip Flop ( D Flip Flop)
• T (toggle) Flip Flop

• SR Flip Flop:-

The SET RESET Flip Flop is designed with the help of two NOR gates and also two NAND gates. These flip flops are also called S-R Latch. 

S R Flip Flop Using Two NAND Gate 

S R Flip Flop Using Two NOR Gate

S R Flip Flop Using Two NOR Gate and two AND Gate

Truth Table for SR Flip Flop:-

Characteristic table for SR Flip Flop:-

Characteristic equation:-     Q(N+1)=S+R`Q(N)

• J-K Flip Flop:-

In SR flip Flop invalid state is present when both inputs are one. to avoid this JK Flip Flop is used. JK Flip Flop is refinement of SR Flip Flop.

Truth table of JK Flip Flop:-

Characteristic Table:-

Characteristic Equation:    Q(N+1)=JQ`(N)+K`Q(N) 

• Delay Flip Flop (D Flip Flop):-

it is also called transparent latch because in D flip Flop input and output are equal. SR Flip Flop are converted into D Flip Flop by applying inverter between S And R.

Truth Table of D Flip Flop :-

Characteristic Table :-

Characteristic Equation:-     Q(N+1)=D

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• T(Toggle) Flip Flop:-

toggle flip flop obtained from JK Flip Flop. in JK flip flop when inputs J and K connected to provide a single input by T.

J= K=T 

Truth Table for T Flip Flop:-

Characteristic Table For T Flip Flop:-

 Characteristic Equation:-    Q(N+1)= T’Q(N)+Q`(N)T 

Flip Flops Vs Latch:-

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