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Flip Flop in Digital Electronics

FLIP FLOPS:-

  • Flip Flop is a binary cell capable of storing one bit of data.
  • Flip Flop is a sequential circuit (mean output=present input+ past output).
  • Flip Flop contain memory element to store past output.
  • Flip Flops has two outputs:-
    • Normal Output
    • Complement output
There are mainly four types of flip flops that are used in electronics circuits

  • The basic flip flop or S-R Flip Flop
  • J-K Flip Flop
  • Delay Flip Flop ( D Flip Flop)
  • T (toggle) Flip Flop

  • SR Flip Flop:-

The SET RESET Flip Flop is designed with the help of two NOR gates and also two NAND gates. These flip flops are also called S-R Latch. 
S R Flip Flop Using Nand Gate
S R Flip Flop Using Two NAND Gate 
S R Flip flop Using NOR Gate
S R Flip Flop Using Two NOR Gate
S R Flip Flop Using two Nor Gate and two and gate
S R Flip Flop Using Two NOR Gate and two AND Gate

Truth Table for SR Flip Flop:-

truth table for S R table








Characteristic table for SR Flip Flop:-

Characteristic table for SR Flip Flop

Characteristic equation:-     Q(N+1)=S+R`Q(N)




  • J-K Flip Flop:-

In SR flip Flop invalid state is present when both inputs are one. to avoid this JK Flip Flop is used. JK Flip Flop is refinement of SR Flip Flop.

J K Flip Flop Image

Truth table of JK Flip Flop:-

Truth table of JK Flip Flop

Characteristic Table:-

characteristic table of J K Flip Flop

Characteristic Equation:    Q(N+1)=JQ`(N)+K`Q(N) 



  • Delay Flip Flop (D Flip Flop):-

it is also called transparent latch because in D flip Flop input and output are equal. SR Flip Flop are converted into D Flip Flop by applying inverter between S And R.
D Flip Flop

Truth Table of D Flip Flop :-

Truth Table of D Flip Flop

Characteristic Table :-

Characteristic Table for d Flip Flop

Characteristic Equation:-     Q(N+1)=D

  • T(Toggle) Flip Flop:-

toggle flip flop obtained from JK Flip Flop. in JK flip flop when inputs J and K connected to provide a single input by T.

J= K=T 

T Flip Flop


Truth Table for T Flip Flop:-

Truth Table for T Flip Flop

Characteristic Table For T Flip Flop:-



Characteristic Table For T Flip Flop

 Characteristic Equation:-    Q(N+1)= T’Q(N)+Q`(N)T 



Flip Flops Vs Latch:-


difference between flip flop and latch

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