Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
- Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an architectural approach in which application is develop using the services that are available on the internet.
- Services are provided to form application through internet.
Difference between SOA and web services:-
Service Oriented Architecture, as the name says is an architectural concept which focuses on having different services communicating with each other to carry out a bigger job. Thus, a web service is a basic building block in a SOA. When multiple services are combined, we have an application that falls under SOA.
Best example would be any big application which uses Amazon Web Services where you have distinct server instances for your business logic, data hosting and load balancing requests. Each instance provides its own unique service like load balancer distributes load, business logic transforms user input and processes it with its logic which in turn provides this transformed data to database instance for storing. Now if you look at how services work, you might have realized that data can be transformed when it enters each unique service. Thus, interfacing is most important aspect here and we use it in the form of APIs. Such architecture helps us modularize our application so that we can easily swap out certain services without affecting the whole application. So if service is a component, then SOA is the bag which holds such multiple components.
Example :-
Google Docs(Google docs is a application , when we use this application it provide us several other services such as spell checker and other)
There are two major roles within Service-oriented Architecture:
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Advantages of SOA:
- Service reusability:- In SOA, applications are made from existing services. Thus, services can be reused to make many applications.
- Easy maintenance:- As services are independent of each other they can be updated and modified easily without affecting other services.
- Platform independent:- SOA allows making a complex application by combining services picked from different sources, independent of the platform.
- Availability:- SOA facilities are easily available to anyone on request.
- Reliability:- SOA applications are more reliable because it is easy to debug small services rather than huge codes
- Scalability:- Services can run on different servers within an environment, this increases scalability
Disadvantages of SOA:
- High overhead:- A validation of input parameters of services is done whenever services interact this decreases performance as it increases load and response time.
- High investment:- A huge initial investment is required for SOA.
- Complex service management:- When services interact they exchange messages to tasks. the number of messages may go in millions. It becomes a cumbersome task to handle a large number of messages.
There are two major roles within Service-oriented Architecture:
- Service provider:- The service provider is the maintainer of the service and the organization that makes available one or more services for others to use. To advertise services, the provider can publish them in a registry, together with a service contract that specifies the nature of the service, how to use it, the requirements for the service, and the fees charged.
- Service consumer:- The service consumer can locate the service metadata in the registry and develop the required client components to bind and use the service.
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